本文介绍了如何在 CentOS 上进行 Mysql 编译。
下载源码
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| wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.23.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.6.23.tar.gz
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安装必要的包
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| sudo yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl-Data-Dumper cmake ncurses-devel bison autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel*
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进入mysql源码目录，生成makefile
生成失败的的话
查看问题，进行修复
编译并安装
mysql将会安装到/usr/local/mysql路径。
添加mysql用户和组
先查看是否存在
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| cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
cat /etc/group | grep mysql
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添加
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| sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -r -g mysql mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
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修改目录和文件权限，安装默认数据库
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| cd /usr/local/mysql
sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql?--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
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至此，mysql就可以启动运行了。
启动mysql
CentOS7自带MariaDB的支持，/etc下默认存在my.cnf文件干扰mysql运行，需要先删掉
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| cd /etc
sudo rm -fr my.cnf my.cnf.d
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然后再/etc下重建my.cnf文件，内容如下
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| # Foradvice onhow tochange settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # andsettothe amount ofRAM forthe most important data
# cache inMySQL. Start at70% oftotal RAM fordedicated server, else10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # toturn ona very important data integrity option: logging
# changes tothe binarylog betweenbackups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # andsetasrequired.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = /data/mysql/data
?port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # tosetoptions mainly useful forreporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster fortransactions andfast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes asneeded, experiment tofind the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
max_connection = 10000
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#binarylog
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
expire_logs_day = 30
#slow query log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/slow.log
long_query_time = 3
log-queries-not-using-indexes
log-slow-admin-statements
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innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/data/mysql/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:2000M;ibdata3:20M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/data/mysql/
# 4G RAM
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_thread_concurrency=8
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
# perform
tmp_table_size = 512M
max_heap_table_size=128M
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现在可以启动mysql了
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| sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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CentOS7 不能使用service控制mysql服务，而源码安装的mysql也没有提供Systemd的控制脚本。
开机启动
于是编辑/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件，添加mysql的开机启动命令。
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| /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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然后给/etc/rc.d/rc.local添加可执行权限
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| sudo chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
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如果开启时报错 ，重新初始化，注意用户名别用错了
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| sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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修改root密码
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| /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
use mysql;
select * from mysql?WHERE?user=?'root';
UPDATE user SET?password= PASSWORD('123456') WHERE?user= 'root';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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至此，安装基本完成了，一个mysql就能用了。
服务启动mysql
添加服务，拷贝服务脚本到init.d目录，并设置开机启动
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| cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig mysql on
service mysql start –启动MySQL
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查看是否启动成功
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| netstat -lntp | grep 3306
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